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Physics of Plasmas / Volume 19 / Issue 2 / ARTICLES / Basic Plasma Phenomena, Waves, Instabilities

Phys. Plasmas 19, 022102 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3680633 (13 pages)

Fully kinetic description of the linear excitation and nonlinear saturation of fast-ion-driven geodesic acoustic mode instability

D. Zarzoso, X. Garbet, Y. Sarazin, R. Dumont, and V. Grandgirard

CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France

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(Received 9 October 2011; accepted 21 December 2011; published online 8 February 2012)

We show in this paper that geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) can be efficiently excited by a population of fast ions even when Landau damping on thermal ions is accounted for. We report in particular fully kinetic calculations of the GAM dispersion relation and its complete solution. Written under a variational form, the quasi-neutrality condition, together with the kinetic Vlasov equation, leads to the density of exchanged energy between particles and the mode. In particular, a linear threshold for the GAMs excitation is derived. Two examples of fast ion distribution have been discussed analytically. It turns out that particles with high perpendicular energy compared to the parallel resonance energy are most responsible for the excitation of the mode. Subsequent numerical simulations of circular plasmas using gysela code have been carried out. In particular, the linear kinetic threshold has been reproduced during the excitation phase, and a nonlinear saturation has been observed. Analysis in the phase space of the evolution of the equilibrium distribution function is presented and the saturation level quantified.

© 2012 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. SOLUTION OF VLASOV EQUATION IN THE PRESENCE OF FAST IONS: GAM FREQUENCY IN A MAXWELLIAN BACKGROUND PLASMA
  3. DAMPING AND EXCITATION OF GAMS: VARIATIONAL APPROACH
    1. Excitation of GAMs by a bump-on-tail distribution
    2. Excitation of GAMs by a slowing-down distribution
  4. GYROKINETIC SIMULATIONS AND NONLINEAR SATURATION
    1. Gyrokinetic model in toroidal geometry
    2. Density scan and radial structure of the mode
    3. Nonlinear saturation of fast-ion-driven GAM
  5. CONCLUSION

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

numerical analysis, plasma density, plasma instability, plasma ion acoustic waves, plasma kinetic theory, plasma nonlinear processes, plasma simulation, plasma transport processes, Vlasov equation

PACS

  • 52.35.Mw

    Nonlinear phenomena: waves, wave propagation, and other interactions (including parametric effects, mode coupling, ponderomotive effects, etc.)

  • 52.35.Py

    Macroinstabilities (hydromagnetic, e.g., kink, fire-hose, mirror, ballooning, tearing, trapped-particle, flute, Rayleigh-Taylor, etc.)

  • 52.65.Ff

    Fokker-Planck and Vlasov equation

  • 52.25.Dg

    Plasma kinetic equations

  • 52.25.Fi

    Transport properties

  • 52.35.Fp

    Electrostatic waves and oscillations (e.g., ion-acoustic waves)

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3680633

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

1070-664X (print)  
1089-7674 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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