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Physics of Plasmas / Volume 19 / Issue 2 / REVIEW ARTICLE

Phys. Plasmas 19, 020501 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3682047 (17 pages)

Cnoidal electron hole propagation: Trapping, the forgotten nonlinearity in plasma and fluid dynamics

Hans Schamel

Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany

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(Received 23 May 2011; accepted 28 December 2011; published online 15 February 2012)

In this review a plaidoyer is held for a specific form of nonlinearity, the trapping nonlinearity (TN), which arises due to a capture of particles and/or fluid elements in an excited coherent structure. This is of some importance since it appears that TN has not yet taken roots hitherto, neither in turbulence nor in anomalous transport models. The present state of knowledge about wave excitation, seen numerically and experimentally, especially at space craft, however, speaks a different language suggesting that current wave models are constructed too narrowly to reflect reality. The focus is on traveling cnoidal electron holes (CEHs) in electrostatically driven plasmas and the physical world associated with these. As a result a new wave concept emerges, in which the low amplitude dynamics is nonlinearly controlled by TN.

© 2012 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. BASIC THEORY
  3. INTRINSIC NONLINEARITY
  4. WAVE PROPERTIES IN DETAIL
  5. MISCELLANEOUS
    1. Access, existence, and more dynamics
    2. Stability and magnetic effects
    3. Evidence in other physical systems
  6. A FIRST APPLICATION
    1. Holes in a laboratory experiment
    2. Holes at a reconnection side of Earth’s magnetotail
    3. Group velocity of hole wavelets
    4. Vortex defect equilibria in hydrodynamic shear flows
  7. CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

plasma flow, plasma kinetic theory, plasma solitons, plasma transport processes, plasma turbulence, pseudopotential methods, reviews, shear turbulence, vortices

PACS

  • 52.35.Mw

    Nonlinear phenomena: waves, wave propagation, and other interactions (including parametric effects, mode coupling, ponderomotive effects, etc.)

  • 52.25.Dg

    Plasma kinetic equations

  • 52.30.-q

    Plasma dynamics and flow

  • 47.32.-y

    Vortex dynamics; rotating fluids

  • 52.35.Sb

    Solitons; BGK modes

  • 52.35.Ra

    Plasma turbulence

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3682047

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

1070-664X (print)  
1089-7674 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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