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Physics of Plasmas / Volume 13 / Issue 6 / ARTICLES / Ionospheric, Solar-System, and Astrophysical Plasmas

Phys. Plasmas 13, 062905 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2212393 (8 pages)

Formation of electrostatic structures by wakefield acceleration in ultrarelativistic plasma flows: Electron acceleration to cosmic ray energies

M. E. Dieckmann, P. K. Shukla, and B. Eliasson

Institute of Theoretical Physics IV, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany

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(Received 2 March 2006; accepted 17 May 2006; published online 21 June 2006)

The ever increasing performance of supercomputers is now enabling kinetic simulations of extreme astrophysical and laser produced plasmas. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of relativistic shocks have revealed highly filamented spatial structures and their ability to accelerate particles to ultrarelativistic speeds. However, these PIC simulations have not yet revealed mechanisms that could produce particles with tera-electron volt energies and beyond. In this work, PIC simulations in one dimension (1D) of the foreshock region of an internal shock in a gamma ray burst are performed to address this issue. The large spatiotemporal range accessible to a 1D simulation enables the self-consistent evolution of proton phase space structures that can accelerate particles to giga-electron volt energies in the jet frame of reference, and to tens of tera-electron volt in the Earth’s frame of reference. One potential source of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays may thus be the thermalization of relativistically moving plasma.

© 2006 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. PIC SIMULATIONS AND THE INITIAL CONDITIONS
    1. The simulation method
    2. The physical model
    3. The initial conditions
  3. THE SECONDARY INSTABILITY
  4. DISCUSSION

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

plasma electrostatic waves, plasma accelerators, relativistic plasmas, plasma flow, plasma simulation, plasma shock waves, astrophysical plasma, cosmic background radiation, gamma-ray bursts

PACS

  • 52.35.Fp

    Electrostatic waves and oscillations (e.g., ion-acoustic waves)

  • 52.75.Di

    Ion and plasma propulsion

  • 52.27.Ny

    Relativistic plasmas

  • 52.30.-q

    Plasma dynamics and flow

  • 52.65.Rr

    Particle-in-cell method

  • 52.35.Tc

    Shock waves and discontinuities

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2212393

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

1070-664X (print)  
1089-7674 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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