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Physics of Plasmas / Volume 13 / Issue 5 / REVIEW PAPERS

Phys. Plasmas 13, 055502 (2006); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2178779 (11 pages)

Physics of zonal flows a

a Paper JR1 1, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 50, 179 (2005).
K. Itoh1, S.-I. Itoh2, P. H. Diamond3, T. S. Hahm4, A. Fujisawa1, G. R. Tynan3, M. Yagi2, and Y. Nagashima2

1National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, 509-5292, Japan
2Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
3University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0319
4Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O. Box 451, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-0451

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(Received 28 October 2005; accepted 10 January 2006; published online 15 May 2006)

Zonal flows, which means azimuthally symmetric band-like shear flows, are ubiquitous phenomena in nature and the laboratory. It is now widely recognized that zonal flows are a key constituent in virtually all cases and regimes of drift wave turbulence, indeed, so much so that this classic problem is now frequently referred to as “drift wave-zonal flow turbulence.” In this review, new viewpoints and unifying concepts are presented, which facilitate understanding of zonal flow physics, via theory, computation and their confrontation with the results of laboratory experiment. Special emphasis is placed on identifying avenues for further progress.

© 2006 American Institute of Physics

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. BASIC PHYSICS OF ZONAL FLOWS
    1. Characteristic features of zonal flows
    2. Excitation of zonal flows
    3. Self-regulation of the DW-ZF system
  3. IMPORTANCE OF ZONAL FLOWS FOR MAGNETIC CONFINEMENT FUSION RESEARCH
  4. ZONAL FLOW PHYSICS—A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT
    1. What we understand about zonal flows
    2. What we think we understand about zonal flows, but need more research on
  5. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
    1. Identification of ZFs and spatiotemporal structure
      1. Low frequency ZFs
      2. GAMs
    2. Generation of flow shear (torque) by turbulence
    3. Nonlinear coupling coefficient between ZFs and microturbulence
      1. Bicoherence analysis
      2. Energy transfer between fluctuations
      3. Envelope modulation
    4. Suppression of turbulent fluctuations by ZFs
  6. FUTURE RESEARCH—WHAT WE DO NOT YET UNDERSTAND ABOUT ZONAL FLOW PHYSICS
  7. CONCLUSION

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

plasma flow, shear flow, plasma drift waves, plasma turbulence, plasma transport processes, reviews

PACS

ARTICLE DATA

Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2178779

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

1070-664X (print)  
1089-7674 (online)

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef American Institute of Physics

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